Nano-electronic Realizations of Quantum Bits
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Quantum computers could perform certain tasks which no classical computer can perform in acceptable times. Josephson junction circuits can serve as building blocks of quantum computers. We discuss and compare two designs, which employ charge or magnetic flux degrees of freedom to process quantum information. In both cases, elementary single-qubit and two-qubit logic gates can be performed by voltage or flux pulses. The coherence time is long enough to allow a series of such operations. We also discuss the read-out, i.e., a quantum measurement process. In the charge case it is accomplished by coupling a single-electron transistor to the qubit.
to be published in J. Low Temp. Phys. Proceedings of the LT22 Satellite conference "Electron transport in Mesoscopic Systems" August 1999, Gothenburg
to be published in J. Low Temp. Phys. Proceedings of the LT22 Satellite conference "Electron transport in Mesoscopic Systems" August 1999, Gothenburg